Kaley Cuoco is leaving her divorce like a boss ... protecting the hell out of her 'Big Bang Theory' fortune.

We obtained the settlement agreement between Kaley and her now-ex hubby, tennis pro Ryan Sweeting, and she made out well, and the key is her prenup.

Kaley got hitched in 2013, and months later she reportedly signed a staggering $72 million contract -- $1 million an episode for 72 shows. That money is protected under the prenup -- it's all hers.

On top of that, she gets their home in Tarzana and their Santa Barbara area beach house.

Ryan did ... not so well. He walks away with a lump sum parting gift of $165,000. She's also agreed to pay the $195,000 bill for his 2 personal trainers.  

Oh, one other thing. He gets to keep whatever cash and gift certificates in his possession. So, dinner at Chili's?