Adrien Broner -- I'm Not Guilty, Your Honor

Boxing superstar Adrien Broner just pled not guilty in his violent robbery case -- in which he's accused of beating the crap out of a guy and robbing him of thousands of dollars.

We broke the story ... Broner was charged with felonious assault and aggravated robbery stemming from an incident outside of a Cincinnati bowling alley on Jan. 21st.

Broner turned himself in to authorities on Monday after a warrant was issued for his arrest. He immediately posted his $100k bail and was released.

The 26-year-old boxer just made a very brief appearance in court with his attorney ... he stood in front of a judge for less than a minute and entered his plea of not guilty.