Lamar Odom -- Vows NBA Comeback ... Not Accepting Khloe Divorce

Lamar Odom says he's NOT done playing basketball -- and vows to play again because "I still got it."

36-year-old Odom spoke with ET after the Lakers game Wednesday night ... and said the next step in his recovery from his brothel overdose in getting back on the court.

He's dead serious.

If he somehow pulls it off, it would be one of the most miraculous recoveries EVER -- considering Odom suffered multiple strokes and organ damage after the October incident.

Odom was also asked if he's "okay" with Khloe Kardashian moving forward with the divorce -- and he made it clear, he's got some serious issues with it.