Chelsea Handler -- Vladimir Putin Can Show Off His Cans, But I Can't??? (PHOTO)

Chelsea Handler blasted Eastern and Western culture all at once ... skewering Putin and Instagram for crass boob censorship.

Handler posted the pic with the caption, "Anything a man can do, a woman has the right to do better. #kremlin" ... but it got removed.

She then posted a screenshot of the Instagram post to her Twitter page, writing, "Taking this down is sexist. I have every right to show I have a better body than Putin."